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Phonology is the study of sound systems and sound change along with phonetics, that describe and classify sounds more generally. Phonology informs us about the make up of consonants and vowels in each language. But not all languages contain all sounds. Also it is good to remember when you hear different "accents," they are just phonological variations among dialects. Our speech is determined by the way we learn to use our lips, teeth, and tongue while activating (stopping or impeding) the airflow from the lungs. Research has shown that babies around 6 months of age have phonemic awareness of the language in their immediate environment. Phonemes are the most basic unit of sound. So consider the implications for your ELLs in your classroom.
Plus as you may agree, English spelling does not always have a direct relationship with its sounds. For example, consider the sound /k/ in English: kick, cow, khaki, queen,... This is just the tip of iceberg in terms of phonology if that, but it just opens a window to our understanding of the difficulties our ELLs are facing when they come to our classrooms. Teaching Tips: *Experts have been recommending for teachers to become more knowledgable and comfortable with the English linguistics in order to gain the confidence to relate to their ELL students with more observing and receptive eyes. * Be a reinforcer of what English language requires for their success rather than a critic. * Allow your ELL student to feel safe not intimidated if they say the wrong thing or just not understanding your reasoning. * You can create a more positive learning environment for example by woking with the ESL teacher as a resource and collaborator. * Keep current with your ELLs progress and believe in their intelligence and willingness to learn. |